SOMALIA | Can Al-Shabaab Be BEATEN?

For fifteen years, Al-Shabaab has terrorised Somalia. However, at long last there are signs that it may now be in retreat. Somali armed forces, assisted by the United States, the African Union and other international and local partners, is fighting back. So, is Al-Shabaab being defeated?

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Somalia became independent in 1960. However, following the overthrow of the country's military dictator, Mohamed Siad Barre, in 1991, the country descended into chaos and became a failed state. This has led to a range of security concerns. The most serious of these today is Al-Shabaab, a group that is now openly affiliated to Al-Qaeda. Since early 2007, it has waged a large scale Islamist insurgency in much of the country. However, there are now signs that the tide may be turning. The election of a new president, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, who has pledged to wage "total war" against the militants has seen an increase in military operations against the group, led by a special forces unit; Danab, the Lightning Brigade. On top of this a new vigilante organisation. Macawisley, has seen local Somalis rise up against Al-Shabaab. However, as shown, Al-Shabaab remains powerful and well armed. Indeed, it has staged a strong fightback in late-2022. Nevertheless, there are signs that Somalia's Islamist insurgency may yet be on the path to defeat.

CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
00:47 Islamist Insurgencies and Al-Shabaab
01:40 Somalia: Location and Population
02:40 The Emergence of Somalia
03:38 Somalia: From Independence to Collapse
05:17 Somalia Becomes a Failed State
06:27 The Islamic Courts Union and Al-Shabaab
07:23 The Rise of Al-Shabaab
09:06 Somalia’s Fightback Against Al-Shabaab
11:07 Can Al-Shabaab Be Defeated?

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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES

Somalia Ministry of Foreign Affairs https://www.mfa.gov.so
ATMIS https://atmis-au.org
Office of the Director of National Intelligence https://www.dni.gov/nctc/groups/al_shabaab.html
UN Resolution 1744 https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/593199?ln=en
UN Report of ISIS, Al-Qaeda and Associated Groups | July 2022 https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/S%202022%20547.pdf
Strengthening Somalia’s Security | President Hasan Sheikh Mohamud | CSIS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJ3cL-WceoY

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KEYWORDS

#Somalia #AlShabaab #insurgency
#InternationalPolitics #CurrentAffairs #InternationalRelations

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