ETHIOPIA-EGYPT | Heading For a Nile Conflict?

Over the past decade, tensions have been growing between Egypt and Ethiopia, two of the largest and most influential counties in Africa. Once fully operational, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam will be the largest hydroelectric generator on the continent - and one of the largest such projects in the world. However, Egypt fears that it will also threaten to disrupt water flowing along the Nile River.

Depending on the river for over 97% of its drinking water, as well as for agriculture, Egypt has demanded that the two countries reach a settlement over the issue. However, despite long-standing mediation efforts by the African Union, they have failed to reach an agreement. Meanwhile, there are also growing tensions with neighbouring Sudan over the issue. So, why exactly has the problem emerged? Can a solution be found? And is there really a possibility that it could lead to armed conflict?

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*VIDEO CHAPTERS*
00:00 Introduction and Titles
00:45 Resource Disputes and Ethiopia-Egypt Tensions
01:54 Egypt and Ethiopia: Location and Population
02:54 The Modern Egypt-Ethiopia Relationship
03:45 The Importance of the Nile River to Egypt and Ethiopia
05:17 The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD)
06:57 Egypt-Ethiopia Tensions over the GERD
08:11 Hopes for a GERD Agreement
09:37 Continuing Egypt-Ethiopia Tensions
11:33 Can an Egypt-Ethiopia Water War be Avoided?

*SOURCES AND FURTHER READING*
UN Security Council Presidential Statement
https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N21/254/83/PDF/N2125483.pdf?OpenElement
Egypt Statement | UN Security Council | 8 July 2021
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jJRB6mtDgs
Ethiopia Statement | UN Security Council | 8 July 2021
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QqfPMFVZ4bk&t=427s
2015 Declaration of Principles
https://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/documents/regionaldocs/Final_Nile_Agreement_23_March_2015.pdf
2022 Egypt Letter to President of the UN Security Council
PDF
A row is raging over Africa’s largest dam | Nature
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00289-6

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#Ethiopia #Egypt #Nile